Past Tense

by Dan Brown

Many people have trouble knowing how or whether or not in the first place to edit their digital photos. Most photographs just don’t turn out the way you imagined; they might be too dark, or too red, or too big. Depending on what you need in a digital photo-editing program, you may want to get a more simple or a slightly more advanced software. For example, if all you’re planning on doing is correcting a few minor details in a picture, you want to go as simple as possible. If you’re planning on adding things to pictures or taking them out, or changing the color of objects, you will want a more advanced program.

Redeye can ruin an otherwise perfectly good portrait, but there are ways to remove it. Unfortunately some of these methods can remove detail in the eyes and make them look very unusual, even lifeless.The cause of red eye is the flash reflecting from the back of the eye and into the lens. The best thing is to avoid the flash to reflect from the eyes from the very beginning. Red-eye reduction works by having the flash shine a light into the eyes of the subject just prior to the flash/shutter event. This serves to cause the irises in the subject’s eyes to narrow down. The result of this is a smaller opening into the eye for a camera’s eye view of the blood filled retina. Obviously, this would work only if the subject is actually looking at the flash for the pre-light.

Cropping is a good tool to use when you have a picture that has too much going on, or perhaps too little. In the former, you would want to cut the image down to just the subject of your picture, essentially eliminating all the distracting surrounding objects. In the latter, you would do the same thing, in order for your subject not to look too solitary. Once you begin cropping, you’ll find there are many different creative ways to crop your pictures; every picture is different, and you’ll find different ways to improve your pictures with cropping.

Don’t be afraid to experiment with colors. Image editing programs put a lot of power in your hands. You can make the leaves purple, change the entire photo to black and white, add a sepia effect – almost anything you want. A good photo editing program will have automatic color balance options to adjust color defects in your pictures. You can do just about anything you want. All you have to do is play around until you have a result you like.

When you upload your pictures from your digital camera to your computer, most of them will probably be a little blurry. Probably it won’t be enough to make you want to change it, but if it’s not, there’s always the UnSharp Mask that you can use to sharpen the image. Most cameras don’t apply any kind of sharpening filter to pictures they take, and so they won’t always look as crisp as you might want. Most likely if you have a basic editing program you will be able to sharpen your pictures successfully, and you can sharpen them as much or as little as you want.

What’s the “right” size for a picture? Well, that depends on the photo. Most monitors display at 72 dpi (dots per inch). So, if you want the picture to be 5 inches wide (probably about the biggest you would want for an e-mail message), the picture would be 360 pixels wide (5 inches x 72 dpi = 360 pixels). Pixel is short for “Picture Element” and is the smallest unit of visual information used to build an image. If you have ever zoomed in on an image, Pixels are those little squares that you see. The more pixels in an image, the better the resolution.

Final compression and using the right format can be as important as taking good photos and scanning them correctly. Macs and pc’s – and other types of machines – are readily mixed in today’s computer environments. This means that proprietary file formats are no longer useful, because you want to be able to exchange files with other people using other types of computers. Web formats are excellent exchange formats, but unfortunately not well suited for archival purposes. This list covers the most common file formats and comments on their characteristics. BMP is the format that is the native Windows format, but it has no advantages over TIFF apart from support in Windows Paint. It is accurate but compresses poorly and has nothing close to the flexibility of TIFF. Use TIFF for archiving in stead. Useless on the web. TIFF is the best format for storing originals and transporting files. TIFF is accurate and compresses well without loss of quality. TIFF can store all types of pictures – simple and complex, B/W and color, photos and logos. TIFF is platform independent and works on both Mac’s and PC’s.

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